Ink companies have developed many alternatives to solvent based systems for screen printing. Thanks to water based inks, I am still alive and still printing!
Printing water based gold ink on fabric patches at our popup tent. Wells, August, 2017. Chelan Kujundzic photo.
Although Plastisol inks remain an industry standard in garment printing, I’ve mostly avoided using them, because of the need to wash up using Varsol. Not as toxic as acetone or “screen wash” or – shudder – lacquer thinner, but still an exposure risk. They can also result in a rubbery print surface. On a shirt, that can feel like wearing a vinyl place mat!
Recently I’ve been using TW’s TAL series of water based inks. These restrict me to light coloured cotton shirts, because they have a lot of transparency and will disappear on dark garments. They can dry quickly on the screen and sometimes need retarding, so once you start printing, you need to continue, unlike Plastisols that do not dry until heat-set. Don’t answer the phone or door bell if you are printing with these inks!
These inks bond best with natural fibres, so they’ll probably fade out more quickly if printed on shirts with a high polyester content. But they have a wonderful, jelly-like consistency which is fun to print. Best of all, though, these inks – more like textile dyes – penetrate the natural fibres and leave a soft, easy-to-wear surface.
TW TAL 2000 textile inks
TW TAL inks on canvas bags
TW TAL ink on canvas; 1 hit.
TW TAL ink on canvas; 2 hits (CU)
TW TAL ink on unbleached cotton
TW TAL ink on unbleached cotton (CU)
TW TAL ink on cotton
TW TAL ink on cotton (CU)
TW TAL ink on linen (CU)
TW TAL gradient onscreen
TW TAL gradient on Sport Grey cotton (CU)
TW TAL ink on 90% cotton, 10% Spandex (CU)
TW TAL black ink and Virus Hydra white on Sport Grey cotton
TW TAL black ink and and Virus Hydra white on Sport Grey cotton
TW TAL black ink and and Virus Hydra white on Indigo Blue cotton (CU)
TW TAL black ink on cotton
ICC‘s Gen IV series are a kind of water based alternative to Plastisol inks. Unlike the TAL series, these inks – if retarded – allow you to step away from a job and resume printing within a reasonable period of time. They print nicely on dark coloured fabrics, especially if flashed and printed a second time. Adding a small amount of “puff” can help increase their opacity on dark fabric (thanks to David Cran for this tip). Here are short video clips of two shirts I printed with these inks: Wǫchiigíi and Mamahtâwisîpiy.
ICC’s Gen IV red ink
Mamahtâwisîpiy shirts drying
Mamahtâwisîpiy (Cree) shirt
Mamahtâwisîpiy gradient
Gen IV flashed & overprinted on navy cotton.
Wǫchiigíi (Dane-zaa) shirts
Wǫchiigíi gradient
Wǫchiigíi
Gen IV flashed & overprinted on black cotton.
All of the above inks require heat-setting to cure and withstand laundering. Temperatures and times vary; allowing the ink to air dry overnight is critical. This allows any water to evaporate prior to curing.
TW has another series of water based inks, the Safeflex series. These remind me of the incredibly thick, stiff Flock Adhesive (solvent based) I worked with many years ago. They cure at very low temperatures and seem to stick to any kind of fibre, including synthetics. Safeflex inks dry quickly and need retarders for prolonged print runs.
TW Safeflex Violet
TW Safeflex Violet
Safeflex Violet & Virus Hydra white on Heather Blue hoodie (60% poly, 40% cotton).
Safeflex Violet & Virus Hydra white on Heather Blue hoodie (60% poly, 40% cotton) (CU)
Permaset from Australia and Virus from Italy make excellent water based textile inks, too. Printed, flashed, and printed again, this yellow has plenty of opacity, even on black cotton. Like the Gen IV and the Safeflex inks, it bonds with the fibres and has a slightly rubbery feel.
Screen loaded with Permaset yellow
Screen flooded with Permaset yellow
Permaset yellow “Stake in the Peace” shirts hanging to dry
Willox Graphics has been my main source of inks for many years. They provide outstanding technical support for which I am immensely grateful.
On November 1, 2019, I learned that my print Babarrunak Raku (see previous post) had won a Prize of Excellence in the 7th NBC Meshtec Tokyo International Screen Print Biennale. It was to be exhibited at Yurakucho Asahi Gallery between November 22 and 27, 2019 and the award ceremony would take place in Tokyo on November 25. It was short notice, and Claire and I did not have a budget for it, but we decided to go.
Our friend Murray Gudmunson at TieroneTravel booked Korean Airlines flights for us (Vancouver-Seoul-Haneda, Osaka Kansai-Seoul-Vancouver), and we found an inexpensive hotel room in the Ginza area of downtown Tokyo within walking distance of the exhibition and awards night. It was also easy to visit the old Asakusa neighbourhood where our friend Aki used to live. The weekend was windy and wet!
Near hotel
Hotel neighbourhood
Our favourite eatery near the hotel
Gingko leaves a month late turning green to gold.
Claire in the fancy part of Ginza
Ginza; photo by Claire.
Ginza
Knife shop in old Asakusa neighbourhood
Knife shop in old Asakusa neighbourhood
Alley, Knife shop in old Asakusa neighbourhood
Asakusa neighbourhood
Asakusa neighbourhood
Asakusa neighbourhood
Asakusa neighbourhood
Asakusa neighbourhood
On the weekend of our arrival, we rendezvous’d with a Polish-born screen printer and ceramic artist, Ewelina Skowronska and her partner Tom at a concert of some very creative new music during a Polish cultural festival taking place at the large Tokyo International Forum in recognition of 100 years of diplomatic relations between Poland and Japan.
She introduced us to Pawel Pachciarek, the Japan Desk Producer for the Adam Mickiewicz Institute who was involved in organizing the festival. Ewelina has spent time at the Banff Centre and it was interesting to hear about what it’s like for artists in Tokyo: studio access, the cost of rent, exhibition opportunities, print sales, etc.
Tokyo Forum area
New music concert
We enjoyed learning how to use the Tokyo Metro and find our way around such a large city:
The Biennale gallery was upstairs in the Yurakucho Mullion Building in a very busy Ginza district near the massive Tokyo International Forum. Mr. Matsuda Hidekazu of NBC Meshtec, the Biennale’s sponsor, had spent over a week hanging 100 of the 333 prints received from 33 countries, and welcomed us to the exhibition.
NBC Meshtec was established in 1934 and started manufacturing high quality meshes for flour milling. It now develops mesh-based technologies used in filter production, screen printing, computers, cars and train passes. They are also developing meshes that harness nanotechnology. You can see a company video here – watch for the “fractal sunshade” product!
We spent a long time looking at the exhibition and returned two more times in order to absorb the remarkable range of work. The Biennale committee had produced a lovely full colour 36 page catalogue, as they had in previous years.
Outside Yurakucho Asahi Gallery.
Yurakucho Asahi Gallery sign, ground floor.
Biennale exhibition
Biennale exhibition
photo courtesy of Matsuda-san
“Babarrunak Raku” with other Prize of Excellence prints by Robert Howsare (US) and Matjaz Penko (Slovenia). photo courtesy of Matsuda-san.
The evening began with several speeches, including representatives of NBC Meshtec (the sponsor of the Biennale) and the Jury members: Tatsuo Matsuyama (Chief editor of the journal Hanga Geijutsu), Reiichi Noguchi (a curator of Mitsubishi Ichigokan Museum, Tokyo ), Yukie Takagi (Assistant director of The International Print Art Museum, Machida, Tokyo), Takasuke Nakayama (screen print artist), and Akiya Fukada (President of NBC MESHTEC Inc.)
Takasuke Nakayama speaking on behalf of the other members of the jury.
With the help of Google Translate, proof-read by Kanako Nozoe at the hotel front desk, I managed to give my acceptance speech in Japanese:
I am Bill Horne. Watashinonamaeha Bill Horne わたし Bill Horne I do not speak Japanese – yet! Nihon gogade kimasen – Imadani! 未だに Dahooja – This means “hello” in the indigenous language where we live in Canada. Dahooja – Kore wa, watashitachi ga Kanada ni sunde iru Indo no neitibu gengo no `kon’nichiwa’ o imi shimasu. Dahooja – これは、私たちがカナダに住んでいるインドのネイティブ言語の「こんにちは」を意味します。 I am honoured to be part of the Biennale and I am very happy to be in Japan. Watashi wa Biennale ni sanka dekita koto o kōei ni omotte ori, Nihon ni iru koto o totemo ureshiku omotte imasu. 私はビエンナーレに参加できたことを光栄に思っており、日本にいることをとても嬉しく思っています。 Thanks to NBC Meshtec, the judges and to Matsuda-san.
NBC Meshtec, shinsa-in, Matsuda-shi ni kansha shimasu. NBC Meshtec、審査員、松田氏に感謝します。 Thanks to my wife, Claire Kujundzic, who is also an artist, and to our friends and family who helped us come here. Geijutsukade mo aru tsuma no Claire Kujundzic, soshite watashitachi ga koko ni kuru no o tasukete kureta yūjin ya kazoku ni kansha shimasu. 芸術家でもある妻のクレア・クジュンジッチ、そして私たちがここに来るのを助けてくれた友人や家族に感謝します。 Congratulations to my fellow artists for their beautiful work! Watashi no nakama no ātisuto no utsukushī sakuhin ni omedetōgozaimasu. 私の仲間のアーティストの美しい作品におめでとうございます。 Screen printing is fun! Sukurīn insatsu wa tanoshī! スクリーン印刷は楽しい! Connecting with people from around the world gives me hope and joy. Sekaijū no hitobito o tsunagu koto de, kibō to yorokobi ga e raremasu. 世界中の人々をつなぐことで、希望と喜びが得られます。 Thank-you. Arigatōgozaimashita. ありがとうございました。
Award presentation by Mr Akiya Fukada; Claire Kujundzic photo.
Tatsuo Matsuyama proposes a toast. photo courtesy of Matsuda-san.
Audience gets ready for the toast. Photo courtesy of Matsuda-san.
It was great to meet the other artists, the jurors and the people from Meshtec, including its President, Mr Akiya Fukada. Also from NBC Meshtec: Takuya Ikeda, Shigeo Kanada, Tetsuya Kido, and Yui Akiyama, as well as Matsuda Hidekazu. I gifted as many of my Behind the Lines catalogues as I could, and exchanged many business cards.
I also had the opportunity to meet Mr Akinobu Kochiya, CEO of Screen Printing Magazine, Masami Nakagawa from the monthly magazines Art Collectors and The Window of Arts, Masakazu Naito, President of the Japanese Screen & Digital Printers Association, and Hiroko Kurimoto, Editor at Abe Publishing in Tokyo, Lisa Eidt, the daughter of Johannes who won the Prize of NBC Meshtec, but could not attend, and Mirjam Cuk Moishi from the Slovenian Embassy who accepted a Prize of Excellence on behalf of Matjaz Penko.
With fellow prize winners, Kanda, Kei and Erica; Claire Kujundzic photo.
With Mr Shigeo Kanada and Mr Takuya Ikeda of NBC Meshtec.
Our prizes were beautifully designed, produced and packaged. The event was planned in great detail and all of us were glad we attended.
Award of Excellence, screen printed in black, gold & red on plexi.
Envelope with prize money
The next day we took a train from Tokyo to Hiroshima, then another one north to Miyoshi where Rikio Hakudo Hashimoto met us at the station.
Rikio is a master potter, filmmaker, and long time friend of our friends Isao Sanami-Morrill, her son Kai and Burt Cohen of Potters Without Borders (whose logo Claire designed). He lives in a traditional Japanese house in the mountains north of Misato. Inside is a kotatsu table, an indoor studio, an attic gallery/meeting place, and nearby is a separate building with a large Anagama (wood-firing) kiln he has built.
A meal in Miyoshi
Chez Rikio
Chez Rikio
Kiln building
Anagama kiln
Ready for a 5 day wood firing
Bedroom at Rikio’s house.
Ceramics at Rikio’s house.
wall next door
wall next door
Harvesting gingko nuts; photo by Claire.
Rikio processing the gingko nuts; photo by Claire.
Remnants of roasted gingko nuts; photo by Claire.
Veggies for sale in Misato
Claire outside Miyoshi station.
Rikio was a warm and generous host who not only picked us up at the Miyoshi train station, but took time to show us special places in his area, including the Kurasuyado Lodge, a restored samurai-era building in a UNESCO village that now operates as a very special lodging with only three suites. His friend Takuro Onodera kindly showed us around the building and explained many details of the renovation process, much of which was done by Rebuilding Center Japan. We felt very fortunate to spend time with Rikio, to be able to cook together in his kitchen, and to exchange gifts of prints and ceramics.
Exterior wall
Inner garden
Joinery
Firewood
Firewood
Floor
Exterior wall
Wall detail
Wall detail
Persimmons drying
Pots in courtyard
Bar
Bar
Bar from above
Kitchen
suite
suite
Bath
Bath goddess
Indigo pattern
With Takuro.
Our next destination was the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum. Both Claire and I had been active in the anti-nuclear movement of the early 1980s, and through Headlines Theatre, I had met the late Kinuko Laskey who was a Hibakusha – survivor of the first blast. The museum, surrounding parks, memorials and the nearby Hall of Remembrance are powerful, profound places.
Arrival
Atomic Bomb Dome on Ōta River.
Children’s Peace monument.
Peace Memorial Park.
Incense ashes, Peace Memorial Park.
Fountain, Hall of Remembrance.
One of many such trees.
Gingko leaf
Street
From Hiroshima we took a train west to Fukuoka where Yasumasa Matsumata met us at the Hakata station. Our mutual friend Dorien Jongsma had introduced us through Facebook (!) and he is an accomplished, experienced painter who creates landscapes and abstracts in a variety of media. Both he and his wife Yuko, who works as a translator, speak Spanish, and that was our common language during our visit there!
Like Rikio, Yasumasa and Yuko were warm, thoughtful and generous. We enjoyed a visit to Yasumasa’s studio and exchanged a variety of prints and paintings. They introduced us to all sorts of foods and grocery stores and we thoroughly enjoyed our time with them. Yasumasa also helped us ship a box of our things to the Osaka Kansai airport so we wouldn’t have to lug them on the train. Brilliant!
Yasumasa took us to the Komyozen-ji temple in Dazaifu southeast of Fukuoka. It was founded in 1273 and includes a beautiful Zen garden, as well as many wonderful buildings, shrines and bridges. On our way there we stopped for some special goodies:
On the weekend we took a train south to Hizen-Kashima where Rikio’s son Machiyu met us at the station. He drove us about 20 minutes from town and dropped us at the foot of a mountain. Then we started climbing a long series of stone steps up past several shrines until we reached the Sue-ji Zen temple where he, his wife Yuko and their two children live. It also happened to be the site of an exhibition of his wonderful wood-fired ceramics.
Path to the temple.
Part of Machiyu’s exhibition
Machiyu’s work
Machiyu’s work
Machiyu’s work
Machiyu’s work
Machiyu’s work
Claire’s selection of Machiyu’s work
Yuko prepared a fabulous lunch for us which we enjoyed with two friends of theirs who were visiting from Nagasaki. We bought some ceramics and gave them some of our prints and reproductions. In spite of the language barriers, we had a remarkable – at times moving – conversation using Google Translate!
After tea, Machiyu drove us back to the train station and we continued south to Nagasaki where we visited the Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum. Once again, a powerful, profound experience.
Street photo by Claire
Street photo by Claire
Street photo by Claire
Imagine our reactions when, on a wall at the end of a final display charting the arms race and peace movements, we saw a photo of protesters in Vancouver surrounding a train loaded with nuclear weapons. In this way, the trip brought us full circle in our own lives together as young activist-artists.
Vancouver protest photo.
Poster design by Phil Vernon, 1981; Ad Hoc Band in the lineup.
Claire and friends at anti-nuclear demonstration, Vancouver, 1981.
Claire singing with Ad Hoc band.
Shirt by Bill, 1981.
With Trident Action Group & friends, White Rock Sandcastle Competition, circa 1982.
Constructing TAG’s entry: female figures push a Trident nuclear submarine under water.
White Rock Sandcastle Competition, circa 1982.
White Rock Sandcastle Competition, circa 1982.
[more on the “We Resist” shirt in the ^ above photo gallery ^ here.]
We emerged from the museum into a beautiful Nagasaki evening.
Crescent moon over downtown Nagasaki.
In our haste, we jumped onto the wrong train, which stopped after two stations and everyone got off. We returned to Nagasaki’s Urakami Station to await the next [correct] fast train back north to Hakata station in Fukuoka. Derailments on the line delayed our departure, which gave us time to buy some snacks and reflect on a very full day.
NOT the train to Hakata, Fukuoka!
Hmm, the train stopped and everyone but us got off…
We enjoyed one last night in Fukuoka and in the morning, Yuko and Yasumasa took us to a big, two-storey second hand store, then a large 100 Yen store. After a last meal with our friends, they took us to the station from which we took a train back east to Kobe. We had booked a room at Guesthouse Maya, a unique, funky and friendly hostel in a diverse neighbourhood full of artisans, artists’ studios and small shops.
At Maya
Entrance ramp
Maya’s front desk; photo by Claire
Maya’s common room; photo by Claire
In the neighbourhood; photo by Claire
Driftwood calligraphy
Street utility cover
A Kobe bakery
Park, Maya’s coordinator, invited us to take his market tour and two other guests – Chieko Arai, who works in sustainable development, and designer Chris Tomoya – came as well. For just 1000 Yen each, we spent over an hour meeting people in a labyrinth of shops, many of which were third-generation family businesses. Lots of proprietors knew Park and we were given all sorts of samples such as fresh made soy milk with sesame, BBQ, fried pyrogies, fresh strawberries, shaved bonito flakes, and exquisite hand-made confections. Wow.
Ready for the tour!
Entrance to market area; photo by Claire
Third generation confectioner
Miso stall
Everyone is full of samples 😉
On our last afternoon, we visited Keiko Kuroda at her office at the University of Kobe where she teaches forest science. We had met her in 2011 when we took Claire’s pine beetle-based art to a forest pathology conference in northern Spain.
2011, Montesclaros, Spain
Claire and Keiko
It was great to see Keiko again and hear more about her work. She chose from a selection of screen prints and reproductions we had brought for her. Then from the university, we caught a bus and train downtown. There she took us to the “Agricultural High School Restaurant Sannomiya” (農業高校レストラン 三宮店 ) near the Ikuta shrine in downtown Kobe. We enjoyed a wonderful meal made almost entirely from vegetables grown by the students and cooked in a fusion cuisine style (reviewed here). Lucky us!
With the restaurant staff
Fried daikon with shredded kombu
(I will try to post more food photos for our chef friends!)
All the people we encountered during our two weeks in Japan were kind, helpful and generous. We are so fortunate to have traveled there and grateful for the hospitality we enjoyed. We also thank the following for their help and support for this trip:
Amos Nir, Gillian Walker, Carol Evenchik, Sophia Isajiw, Leanne Davies, Marilyn Fuchs, Lyndal Osborne, Jennifer Penny, Ian Crawford, Judy Kujundzic, Aki Yamamoto, Dorien Jongsma, Isao Sanami-Morrill, Eri Ishii, Craig Paterson, Susan Madsen, Stephen Mitchell, Dave Jeffery, Gary and Linda Champagne, Ekai Jorgenson, Shane Yamamoto, Ewelina Skowronska, Aiai & Akane, Rikio Hakudo Hashimoto, Yasumasa and Yuko Matsumata, Keiko Kuroda, Kanako Nozoe, and Machiyu & Yuko.